Habib Ansari Samani; Robabeh Khilkordi
Abstract
The distribution of income, which means the distribution of national income between groups, social classes and economic sectors, is one of the main components of social justice. There are many factors affecting the income distribution. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of unemployment ...
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The distribution of income, which means the distribution of national income between groups, social classes and economic sectors, is one of the main components of social justice. There are many factors affecting the income distribution. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of unemployment rate along with other major factors related to income distribution in Iran’s provinces. For this purpose, the annual data for Iran’s provinces during 1999 to 2014, with DOLS estimator have been analyzed. The results show that increasing unemployment in the long run will increase the income inequality in the provinces. Also, inflation rate, economic growth rate and current government spending increase the Gini coefficient in the long run. Error correction model results indicate that, unemployment and government size variables have no significant relationship with the dependent variable in the short run. However Inflation rate and economic growth rate have a positive relationship with inequality in the short run.
Vahid Farzam; Fateme Taleghani; Robabeh Khilkordi
Abstract
The employment and access to job is one of the most basic needs of a community so that the increase in employment is seen as one of the indicators of development in societies. Given the importance of the issue, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exchange rate overshooting on employment ...
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The employment and access to job is one of the most basic needs of a community so that the increase in employment is seen as one of the indicators of development in societies. Given the importance of the issue, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exchange rate overshooting on employment in agriculture, industry and service sectors in Iran during 1973- 2011 using the seemingly unrelated regression and vector error correction model. The results of vector error correction model indicate that due to expansion in money supply exchange rate increases and divergence from equilibrium path occurs which finally leads to adjustment in the long run. Also, the results of seemingly unrelated regression model show that employment in industry and service sectors is respectively negatively and positively affected by exchange rate overshooting, yet the impact of this overshooting on employment in agriculture sector is not significant. In this regard, the demand of labor in the industry sector compared to service and agriculture sectors was the most sensitive to exchange rate overshooting. In addition, capital stock in industry and service sectors has a positive impact on employment in each sector.
